Ayurvediya Vidyan deals with the medical aspect of padarth
vidyan. It gives the knowledge about the criteria of a padarth
to be used as medicine and the varied aspects that should be
considered to determine the medicinal value of any items.
Rasa, Guna, Virya, Vipaka, Dravya and Prabhawa are the criterias on the basis of which medicinal value of any substance is considered. For example - If a items is Guru in Guna and Madhura in Rasa it will mitigate Vata Dosha. Thus the Guru Guna and Madhura Rasa determined that the substance is useful in curing Vataj Roga .
Following are considered as Ayurvedic Padartha -
Rasa
Guna
Virya
Vipaka
Prabhawa
Dravya
Bhaishajya Kalpana
Bhaishajya means medicine and kalpana means forms. So the branch which deals with the various forms of medicine such as juice, tablet, powder etc. is named as Bhaisajya Kalpana.
It removes the toxic effect of medicine by shodhana karm.
It makes the medicine durable.
It increases the potency of medicine by sansakar i.e. vishesh gunantardhana (adding or generating special property)
It makes the medicine as per need of patient and disease.
It helps the adjustment of dosha as per the severity of disease.
Thus the bhaisajya kalpana play a very important role in the medicine.
Panchavidha Kashaya Kalpana
According to Ayurveda five basic forms of medicine is described under the name Pancha vidha Kashaya Kalpana. Here the word Kashaya denotes the two meaning - 1st the destruction of original shape of dravya during different medical preparation. And secondly it is used to remove disease. So in ayurveda different medicinal preparation are considered as Kashaya Kalpana. Five Kashaya Kalpana are mentioned below.
Phanta Kashaya Kalpana.
Kwatha Kashaya Kalpana.
Swaras Kashaya Kalpana.
Shita Kashaya Kalpana.
Kalka Kashaya Kalpana.
Yoni of Kashaya Kalpana.
Kashaya Kalpana have five yoni (sources). That five yoni (sources) are five rasa (taste) i.e. Madhur, Amla, Katu, Tikta, Kashaya.
Swarasa Kalpana - Swarasa is the juice of itself. Means the juice of the dravya is said as its swarasa.
The Lavana Rasa (salt taste) is not considered under Kashaya Kalpana as its swarasa (juice) etc cannot be extracted from it.
Preparation
To crush the dravya properly to make its paste.
Dry powder or dry things are mixed with water and then properly crushed to make paste or Kalka Dosage - 1 tola (10gms approx)
Kwatha (decoction) - Dry or wet dravya crushed, boiled with water and filtered is called as Kwatha
Preparation
First the dravya is crushed in coarsely (yavakuta).
Proper quantity of water is added to it and boiled in slow flame till reduce to half or one fourth as per requirement.
Properly filtered.
Determination of the quantity of water added is made as per following rules:
For mridu (soft) dravya water added 4 times that of medicine.
For madhya dravya water is added eight times that of medicine.
For Kathina (hard) dravya 16 times water is added.
Shita Kalpana (cold infusion)
In this form hot water is added in the powdered form of medicine it is kept for 12hrs in the night at open place is called as Shita Kalpana.
Preparation
Six times water is added in the powdered form of medicine.
Some prefer hot water and other cold water for addition.
The mixer is now kept for 12hrs at night in open place. In the morning medicine is ready for use. Dosage - 4 tola (40gms approx.)
Phanta (infusion)
In this preparation medicine is added in boiled
water. Then it is covered and kept for cool.
Preparation
At 1st 16 tola (160gms approx) water is boiled.
Four tola (40gms approx) powder form (not fine) of medicine is added.
After addition of medicine it is covered and kept for cool. And is used in lukewarm (koshna) condition. Dosage:- 4 tola to 8 tola (40gms to 80gms approx).
